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class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e00\u3001 \u77e5\u8bc6\u3001\u4fe1\u606f\u4e0e\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff1a\u6784\u5efa\u57fa\u77f3<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e00) \u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u4e0e\u7279\u6027<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u8981\u7d20<\/strong>\uff1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u662f\u5bf9\u7269\u7406\u53ca\u865a\u62df\u73b0\u8c61\u3001\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u662f<strong>\u53ef\u9a8c\u8bc1\u3001\u53ef\u8fd8\u539f\u3001\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u7684\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u4fe1\u606f<\/strong>\u3002\u5176\u8981\u7d20\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u73b0\u8c61\u6216\u4e8b\u4ef6\u7684\u63cf\u8ff0\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e9b\u63cf\u8ff0\u5fc5\u987b\u80fd\u5728\u5b9e\u8bc1\u4e2d\u88ab\u8bc1\u5b9e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0d\u662f\u9759\u6b62\u4e0d\u53d8\u7684\u3002\u5728\u5b9e\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u73b0\u6709\u77e5\u8bc6<strong>\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u8bc1\u4f2a\u5e76\u4ece\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u5254\u9664<\/strong>\uff0c\u968f\u540e\u88ab\u65b0\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8865\u5145\u3001\u5b8c\u5584\u3001\u66ff\u4ee3\u3001\u5ef6\u4f38\u6216\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3.\u00a0<strong>\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u9897\u7c92\u5ea6<\/strong>\uff1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u5448\u73b0\u51fa<strong>\u5206\u5c42\u3001\u5206\u7ea7\u3001\u5f7c\u6b64\u5173\u8054\u3001\u5d4c\u5957<\/strong>\u7684\u590d\u6742\u7ed3\u6784\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>4.\u00a0<strong>\u4eba\u7c7b\u7684\u72ec\u7279\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u4eba\u7c7b\u6587\u660e\u8fdb\u6b65\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6807\u5fd7\u5728\u4e8e\u80fd\u591f<strong>\u901a\u8fc7\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u77e5\u8bc6<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u79cd\u80fd\u529b\u4f7f\u5f97\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u534f\u4f5c\u548c\u8de8\u4ee3\u9645\u4f20\u627f\u6210\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\uff0c\u662f\u4eba\u7c7b\u533a\u522b\u4e8e\u52a8\u7269\u7684\u6839\u672c\u6240\u5728\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e8c) 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class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u5e94\u7528\u77e5\u8bc6\uff08\u6280\u672f\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u80fd\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u5173\u6ce8\u7684\u662f<strong>\u5982\u4f55\u5b9e\u73b0<\/strong>\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u5728\u4e8e\u6539\u9020\u7269\u7406\u4e16\u754c\u3002\u6c34\u5229\u5de5\u7a0b\u3001\u673a\u5668\u5236\u9020\u3001\u5236\u9020\u4e1a\u7b49\u5747\u5c5e\u4e8e\u6280\u672f\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u7406\u8bba\u77e5\u8bc6\uff08\u79d1\u5b66\uff09<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c5e\u4e8e\u7406\u8bba\u5047\u8bbe\u3001\u54f2\u5b66\u8bbe\u60f3\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u662f\u5de5\u7a0b\u6280\u672f\u5b9e\u8df5\u62bd\u8c61\u603b\u7ed3\u51fa\u7684\u539f\u7406\uff0c\u662f\u6280\u672f\u8fc1\u79fb\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u5185\u5728\u903b\u8f91\uff0c\u5177\u6709\u6539\u9020\u8ba4\u77e5\u3001\u601d\u7ef4\u3001\u610f\u8bc6\u5f62\u6001\u7684\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5c5e\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3.\u00a0<strong>\u9ed8\u4f1a\u77e5\u8bc6 (Tacit Knowledge)<\/strong>\uff1a\u7531\u8fc8\u514b\u5c14\u00b7\u6ce2\u5170\u5c3c\u63d0\u51fa\uff0c\u662f\u6307\u90a3\u79cd<strong>\u96be\u4ee5\u7528\u8bed\u8a00\u3001\u6587\u5b57\u7b49\u5f62\u5f0f\u6e05\u6670\u8868\u8fbe\u6216\u7b26\u53f7\u5316\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6<\/strong>\uff0c\u5b83\u6df1\u690d\u4e8e\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u7ecf\u9a8c\u3001\u6280\u80fd\u548c\u76f4\u89c9\u4e4b\u4e2d\u3002\u9ed8\u4f1a\u77e5\u8bc6<strong>\u5d4c\u5165\u5728\u5b9e\u8df5\u6d3b\u52a8<\/strong>\u4e2d\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u6b63\u5f0f\u6e20\u9053\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u9a8c\u3001\u5b66\u5f92\u5236\u6216\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u4e92\u52a8\u6765\u5206\u4eab\u3002\u867d\u7136\u96be\u4ee5\u5927\u89c4\u6a21\u79ef\u7d2f\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\uff0c\u4f46\u5b83\u662f\u663e\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u6e90\u6cc9\u3002<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/r2.flowith.net\/files\/o\/1749523666314-visualization_of_tacit_knowledge_as_an_iceberg_index_0@1024x1024.png\" alt=\"\u9ed8\u6703\u77e5\u8b58\u51b0\u5c71\u793a\u610f\u5716\">\u9ed8\u6703\u77e5\u8b58\u51b0\u5c71\u793a\u610f\u5716<br><em>\u56fe1\uff1a\u9ed8\u4f1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u9ed8\u4f1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5982\u540c\u51b0\u5c71\u4f4d\u4e8e\u6c34\u4e0b\u7684\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4f53\u91cf\u5de8\u5927\u4e14\u96be\u4ee5\u88ab\u76f4\u63a5\u89c2\u5bdf\u548c\u8868\u8fbe\uff0c\u800c\u663e\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ec5\u4e3a\u6c34\u9762\u4e0a\u7684\u53ef\u89c1\u90e8\u5206\u3002<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>4.\u00a0<strong>\u4eba\u6587\u77e5\u8bc6<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e0e\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u4eba\u6587\u77e5\u8bc6\u5f3a\u8c03<strong>\u4ef7\u503c\u6db5\u517b\u548c\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u6f14\u8fdb\u5177\u5907<strong>\u975e\u7ebf\u6027\u548c\u53cd\u590d\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u5e38\u901a\u8fc7\u5bf9\u7ecf\u5178\u6587\u672c\u7684<strong>\u7406\u89e3\u4e0e\u9610\u91ca<\/strong>\u5b9e\u73b0\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u548c\u53d1\u5c55\u3002\u4e2a\u4f53\u5316\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u6a21\u5f0f\u5728\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u4e2d\u5360\u6709\u91cd\u8981\u5730\u4f4d\uff0c\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u751f\u6210\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u4e0e\u5b66\u8005\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4ef7\u503c\u5224\u65ad\u5bc6\u5207\u76f8\u5173\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e09) 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class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u5927\u5b66\u4e0e\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u662f\u4e13\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f20\u64ad\u3001\u8bad\u7ec3\u3001\u7814\u7a76\u548c\u521b\u65b0\u7684<strong>\u96c6\u4e2d\u573a\u6240<\/strong>\u3002\u5927\u5b66\u6559\u80b2\u63d0\u4f9b\u901a\u7528\u57fa\u7840\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u7d20\u517b\u8bad\u7ec3\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u9636\u6bb5\u5219\u6d89\u53ca\u5b9e\u8bc1\u7814\u7a76\uff0c\u57f9\u517b\u521b\u65b0\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u8bba\u6587<\/strong>\uff1a\u4f5c\u4e3a<strong>\u77e5\u8bc6\u4fe1\u606f\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong>\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u9610\u8ff0\u7814\u7a76\u73b0\u72b6\u3001\u8d21\u732e\u3001\u65b9\u6cd5\u3001\u5b9e\u8bc1\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff08\u9700\u53ef\u91cd\u590d\u548c\u9a8c\u8bc1\uff09\u5e76\u5f62\u6210\u7ed3\u8bba\uff0c\u662f\u5b66\u672f\u4ea4\u6d41\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u8f7d\u4f53\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3.\u00a0<strong>\u671f\u520a<\/strong>\uff1a\u662f\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f20\u64ad\u7684<strong>\u4e3b\u8981\u6e20\u9053<\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u4e13\u4e1a\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1<\/strong>\uff0c\u8bba\u6587\u88ab\u9a8c\u8bc1\u5e76\u7eb3\u5165\u9886\u57df\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002\u671f\u520a\u7684\u53d1\u8868\u4e3a\u77e5\u8bc6\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u516c\u5171\u80cc\u4e66\u3002<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/r2.flowith.net\/files\/o\/1749523661973-traditional_scientific_knowledge_production_and_dissemination_model_index_1@1024x1024.png\" alt=\"\u50b3\u7d71\u79d1\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u751f\u7522\u8207\u50b3\u64ad\u6a21\u578b\">\u50b3\u7d71\u79d1\u5b78\u77e5\u8b58\u751f\u7522\u8207\u50b3\u64ad\u6a21\u578b<br><em>\u56fe2\uff1a\u4f20\u7edf\u5b66\u672f\u77e5\u8bc6\u751f\u4ea7\u4e0e\u4f20\u64ad\u6d41\u7a0b\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u77e5\u8bc6\u901a\u5e38\u5728\u5927\u5b66\u6216\u5b9e\u9a8c\u5ba4\u4e2d\u4ea7\u751f\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u8bba\u6587\uff0c\u518d\u7ecf\u7531\u671f\u520a\u7684\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1\u548c\u53d1\u8868\u8fdb\u5165\u516c\u5171\u77e5\u8bc6\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e8c) \u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1\uff08Peer Review\uff09\u4f5c\u4e3a\u516c\u5171\u7b5b\u9009\u5668<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1\u662f\u4f20\u7edf\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u6700\u91cd\u8981\u7684<strong>\u516c\u5171\u7b5b\u9009\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u9886\u57df\u5185\u7684\u4e13\u5bb6\u5bf9\u8bba\u6587\u8fdb\u884c\u8bc4\u4f30\uff0c\u9a8c\u8bc1\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u3001\u53ef\u884c\u6027\uff0c\u5e76\u4fdd\u969c\u5176\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u3002\u8fd9\u4e00\u673a\u5236\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u539f\u5219\u662f\u57fa\u4e8e\u79d1\u5b66\u7684<strong>\u8bc1\u4f2a\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7eb3\u5165\u516c\u5171\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u6210\u679c\u80fd\u591f\u7ecf\u53d7\u5b9e\u8bc1\u7684\u68c0\u9a8c\u548c\u91cd\u590d\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e09) \u4e13\u5229\u5236\u5ea6\uff1a\u7279\u6b8a\u7684\u516c\u5171\u7b5b\u9009\u4e0e\u6fc0\u52b1\u673a\u5236<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e13\u5229\u5236\u5ea6\u662f\u901a\u8fc7\u6cd5\u5f8b\u624b\u6bb5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u77e5\u8bc6\u4fe1\u606f\u5316\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u673a\u5236\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u673a\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e13\u5229\u8d4b\u4e88\u53d1\u660e\u4eba\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u671f\u9650\u5185\u7684<strong>\u6392\u4ed6\u6743<\/strong>\uff0c\u8fd9\u80fd\u6fc0\u52b1\u521b\u65b0\u8005\u6295\u5165\u8d44\u6e90\u8fdb\u884c\u7814\u53d1\uff0c\u540c\u65f6\u8981\u6c42\u516c\u5f00\u53d1\u660e\u5185\u5bb9\uff0c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u3002\u6709\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u4e3b\u5f20\u901a\u8fc7\u5dee\u5f02\u5316\u7684\u8d39\u7528\u8bbe\u8ba1\u6765\u4f18\u5316\u6fc0\u52b1\u7ed3\u6784\uff0c\u907f\u514d\u4f4e\u4ef7\u503c\u4e13\u5229\uff08Ref 1-search patent\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u53cc\u91cd\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u79ef\u6781\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong>\uff1a\u4fc3\u8fdb\u6280\u672f\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u516c\u5f00\u4e0e\u6269\u6563\uff0c\u63a8\u52a8\u6280\u672f\u8fdb\u6b65\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u6d88\u6781\u5f71\u54cd<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fc7\u5ea6\u6216\u4e0d\u5f53\u7684\u4e13\u5229\u6388\u6743\u53ef\u80fd\u5f62\u6210<strong>\u5784\u65ad<\/strong>\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u201c\u4e13\u5229\u79ef\u6728\u201d\uff08patent thickets\uff09\u6216\u201c\u53cd\u516c\u5730\u60b2\u5267\u201d\uff08tragedy of the anti-commons\uff09\uff0c\u963b\u788d\u540e\u7eed\u521b\u65b0\uff08Ref 3-search patent\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3.\u00a0<strong>\u4e0e\u534f\u4f5c\u521b\u65b0\u7684\u77db\u76fe<\/strong>\uff1a\u73b0\u4ee3\u79d1\u5b66\u7814\u53d1\u65e5\u76ca\u8d8b\u5411<strong>\u56e2\u961f\u5408\u4f5c<\/strong>\uff08\u5c24\u5176\u5728\u9ad8\u6210\u672c\u3001\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u9886\u57df\uff09\uff0c\u7136\u800c\u4f20\u7edf\u4e13\u5229\u6cd5\u5f3a\u8c03**\u201c\u4e2a\u4f53\u53d1\u660e\u8005\u201d**\uff0c\u8fd9\u4e0e\u534f\u4f5c\u73b0\u5b9e\u5b58\u5728\u77db\u76fe\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u5f71\u54cd\u6743\u5229\u5f52\u5c5e\u548c\u6536\u76ca\u5206\u914d\uff0c\u6f5c\u5728\u963b\u788d\u521b\u65b0\u5408\u4f5c\uff08Ref 2-search patent\uff09\u3002\u5b9e\u8bc1\u7814\u7a76\uff08\u5982\u5e72\u7ec6\u80de\u7814\u7a76\u9886\u57df\uff09\u663e\u793a\uff0c<strong>\u534f\u4f5c\u4ea7\u751f\u7684\u4e13\u5229\u5177\u6709\u66f4\u9ad8\u7684\u521b\u65b0\u4ef7\u503c\u548c\u5f71\u54cd\u529b<\/strong>\uff08\u524d\u5411\u5f15\u7528\u66f4\u591a\uff09\uff0c\u63d0\u793a\u653f\u7b56\u5e94\u9002\u5e94\u8fd9\u79cd\u8d8b\u52bf\uff08Ref 4-search patent\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e09\u3001 \u4f20\u7edf\u4f53\u7cfb\u9762\u4e34\u7684\u6311\u6218\uff1a\u6548\u7387\u3001\u5bfb\u79df\u4e0e\u56fa\u5316<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e00) \u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1\u7684\u6548\u7387\u4e0e\u7cfb\u7edf\u6027\u7f3a\u9677<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5c3d\u7ba1\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1\u662f\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u8d28\u91cf\u4fdd\u969c\u673a\u5236\uff0c\u4f46\u4e5f\u5b58\u5728\u6311\u6218\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u5904\u7406\u7f13\u6162\u3001\u6807\u51c6\u4e0d\u4e00<\/strong>\uff1a\u5ba1\u7a3f\u8fc7\u7a0b\u53ef\u80fd\u8017\u65f6\u6f2b\u957f\uff0c\u4e0d\u540c\u671f\u520a\u548c\u5ba1\u7a3f\u4eba\u7684\u6807\u51c6\u5dee\u5f02\u5bfc\u81f4\u6548\u7387\u4f4e\u4e0b\uff0c<strong>\u5ef6\u8fdf\u4f18\u8d28\u6210\u679c\u7684\u4f20\u64ad<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>AI\u7684\u4ecb\u5165<\/strong>\uff1a\u4eba\u5de5\u667a\u80fd\u6280\u672f\u88ab\u5f15\u5165\u5ba1\u7a3f\u6d41\u7a0b\uff08\u5982\u81ea\u52a8\u521d\u7b5b\u3001\u63a8\u8350\u5ba1\u7a3f\u4eba\uff09\uff0c<strong>\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u6d41\u7a0b\u6027\u6548\u7387<\/strong>\uff0c\u4f46\u5728\u6d89\u53ca\u5b66\u672f\u5224\u65ad\u548c\u521b\u9020\u6027\u7504\u522b\u7b49\u6838\u5fc3\u73af\u8282\uff0c\u6548\u7387\u63d0\u5347\u6709\u9650\uff08Ref 1, 2-search academic publishing\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e8c) \u5b66\u672f\u5bfb\u79df\uff08Rent-Seeking\uff09\u7684\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u7c7b\u6bd4<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201c\u5b66\u672f\u5bfb\u79df\u201d\u662f\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u4e2d**\u201c\u79df\u91d1\u5bfb\u79df\u201d**\u6982\u5ff5\u5728\u5b66\u672f\u754c\u7684\u4f53\u73b0\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u201c\u79df\u91d1\u201d\u5b9a\u4e49<\/strong>\uff1a\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u4e2d\uff0c\u201c\u79df\u91d1\u201d\u662f\u6307\u57fa\u4e8e\u7a00\u7f3a\u6216\u6392\u4ed6\u6027\u8d44\u4ea7\uff08\u5982\u5784\u65ad\u6743\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\uff09\u800c\u83b7\u5f97\u7684<strong>\u8d85\u51fa\u6b63\u5e38\u6295\u5165\u56de\u62a5\u7684\u8d85\u989d\u6536\u76ca<\/strong>\uff08Ref 1-search academic rent-seeking\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u5b66\u672f\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u7684\u7c7b\u6bd4<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f53\u524d\u5b66\u672f\u8bc4\u4ef7\u4f53\u7cfb\u8fc7\u5ea6<strong>\u4f9d\u8d56\u8bba\u6587\u6570\u91cf\u53ca\u9ad8\u5f71\u54cd\u56e0\u5b50\u671f\u520a<\/strong>\uff08\u4e00\u79cd\u7a00\u7f3a\u8d44\u6e90\uff09\uff0c\u9a71\u4f7f\u90e8\u5206\u5b66\u8005\u8ffd\u6c42\u201c\u53ef\u53d1\u8868\u6027\u201d\u800c\u975e\u771f\u6b63\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u521b\u65b0\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u7c7b\u4f3c\u5bfb\u79df\u7684\u884c\u4e3a\u6a21\u5f0f\uff08Ref 4-search academic publishing\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3.\u00a0<strong>\u8868\u73b0<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u7c7b\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u5bfc\u81f4<strong>\u6570\u636e\u91cd\u590d\u5229\u7528\u3001\u6210\u679c\u8fc7\u5ea6\u5207\u5206\u3001\u751a\u81f3\u5b66\u672f\u4e0d\u7aef<\/strong>\uff08\u5982\u9020\u5047\u3001\u6284\u88ad\u3001\u8bba\u6587\u5de5\u5382\uff09\uff0c\u8fd1\u5e74\u5168\u7403\u64a4\u7a3f\u6570\u521b\u5386\u53f2\u65b0\u9ad8\u4fbf\u53cd\u6620\u4e86\u5b66\u672f\u8bda\u4fe1\u98ce\u9669\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u4e0a\u5347\uff08Ref 1-search academic publishing\uff09\u3002\u8861\u91cf\u7ecf\u6d4e\u79df\u91d1\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\uff08\u5982\u73b0\u91d1\u6d41\u6cd5\uff09\u53ef\u7528\u4e8e<strong>\u68c0\u89c6\u5b66\u672f\u51fa\u7248\u4f53\u7cfb\u4e2d\u9690\u85cf\u7684\u5bfb\u79df\u884c\u4e3a<\/strong>\uff08Ref 1-search academic rent-seeking\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e09) \u77e5\u8bc6\u56fa\u5316\uff08Knowledge Ossification\uff09\u4e0e\u521b\u65b0\u53d7\u963b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u77e5\u8bc6\u56fa\u5316\u662f\u6307\u5b66\u79d1\u8303\u5f0f\u3001\u8bc4\u4ef7\u6807\u51c6\u7684\u50f5\u5316\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u65b0\u601d\u60f3\u548c\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u89c2\u70b9\u96be\u4ee5\u8fdb\u5165\u4e3b\u6d41\u4f53\u7cfb\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u673a\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1\u548c\u9876\u7ea7\u671f\u520a\u751f\u6001\u5f80\u5f80<strong>\u56fa\u5b88\u4e3b\u6d41\u8303\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff0c\u5bf9\u5f02\u8d28\u6027\u3001\u8de8\u5b66\u79d1\u3001\u8d1f\u7ed3\u679c\u548c\u65b9\u6cd5\u8bba\u521b\u65b0<strong>\u5305\u5bb9\u5ea6\u8f83\u4f4e<\/strong>\uff08Ref 1, 2-search academic publishing\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u8868\u73b0<\/strong>\uff1a\u6311\u6218\u6027\u89c2\u70b9\u6216\u5c0f\u578b\u521b\u65b0\u96be\u4ee5\u83b7\u5f97\u53d1\u8868\u5e73\u53f0\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u5b66\u79d1\u53d1\u5c55\u6f5c\u5728\u505c\u6ede\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3.\u00a0<strong>\u4e0e\u5bfb\u79df\u7684\u5173\u8054<\/strong>\uff1a\u5784\u65ad\u6027\u8d44\u4ea7\u6216\u6743\u529b\u673a\u5236\uff08\u5982\u9876\u7ea7\u671f\u520a\u7684\u5784\u65ad\u5730\u4f4d\uff09\u5bf9\u77e5\u8bc6\u6d41\u901a\u7684\u9650\u5236<strong>\u52a0\u5267\u4e86\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u56fa\u5316<\/strong>\u3002\u751f\u6001\u7ecf\u6d4e\u5b66\u89c6\u89d2\u6307\u51fa\uff0c\u5728\u8d44\u6e90\u9650\u5236\u4e0b\uff0c\u5bfb\u79df\u884c\u4e3a\u53ef\u80fd\u901a\u8fc7\u5236\u5ea6\u58c1\u5792<strong>\u9650\u5236\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u8d44\u6e90\u7684\u6d41\u901a<\/strong>\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u56fa\u5316\uff08Ref 2-search academic rent-seeking\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u56db) \u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u7279\u6b8a\u6311\u6218<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u56e0\u5176\u77e5\u8bc6\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0d\u540c\uff0c\u9762\u4e34\u72ec\u6709\u6311\u6218\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u77e5\u8bc6\u5c5e\u6027\u4e0d\u540c<\/strong>\uff1a\u5f3a\u8c03<strong>\u9610\u91ca\u4e0e\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027<\/strong>\uff0c\u5176\u77e5\u8bc6\u751f\u4ea7\u3001\u8bc4\u4ef7\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u96be\u4ee5\u50cf\u81ea\u7136\u79d1\u5b66\u90a3\u6837\u8fdb\u884c\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u548c\u6a21\u5f0f\u5316\uff08Ref 1, 2-search \u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u77e5\u8bc6\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u4f53\u7cfb\u95ee\u9898<\/strong>\uff1a\u5b58\u5728<strong>\u77e5\u8bc6\u521b\u65b0\u53d7\u9650\u3001\u672c\u8d28\u4e3b\u4e49\u56fa\u5316\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u7247\u6bb5\u5316<\/strong>\u7b49\u95ee\u9898\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u4e86\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u6df1\u5ea6\uff08Ref 2-search \u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u77e5\u8bc6\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u56db\u3001 \u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff1a\u4ece\u9690\u6027\u5230\u663e\u6027\uff0c\u4ece\u4e2a\u4f53\u5230\u7ec4\u7ec7<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e00) SECI\u6a21\u578b\uff1a\u9690\u6027\u4e0e\u663e\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u87ba\u65cb\u8f6c\u6362<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u91ce\u4e2d\u90c1\u6b21\u90ce\u548c\u7af9\u5185\u5f18\u9ad8\u63d0\u51fa\u7684SECI\u6a21\u578b\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u7ec4\u7ec7\u4e2d\u77e5\u8bc6\u521b\u9020\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u6846\u67b6\uff0c\u63cf\u8ff0\u4e86\u9690\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\u548c\u663e\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\u5982\u4f55\u76f8\u4e92\u4f5c\u7528\u5e76\u5b9e\u73b0\u8f6c\u5316\u4e0e\u521b\u9020\uff08Ref 1, 2-search Nonaka\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u77e5\u8bc6\u7c7b\u578b<\/strong>\uff1a\u57fa\u4e8e\u6ce2\u5170\u5c3c\u7684\u5206\u7c7b\uff0c\u533a\u5206<strong>\u9ed8\u4f1a\u77e5\u8bc6 (Tacit Knowledge)<\/strong>\u00a0\u548c<strong>\u663e\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6 (Explicit Knowledge)<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u56db\u79cd\u8f6c\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f<\/strong>\uff1a<img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/r2.flowith.net\/files\/o\/1749523690217-modern_knowledge_information_flow_spiral_model_index_2@1024x1024.png\" alt=\"SECI\u77e5\u8b58\u87ba\u65cb\u6a21\u578b\">SECI\u77e5\u8b58\u87ba\u65cb\u6a21\u578b<br><em>\u56fe3\uff1aSECI\u77e5\u8bc6\u87ba\u65cb\u6a21\u578b\u793a\u610f\u56fe\u3002\u77e5\u8bc6\u5728\u9690\u6027\u548c\u663e\u6027\u4e4b\u95f4\u901a\u8fc7\u793e\u4f1a\u5316\u3001\u5916\u5316\u3001\u7ec4\u5408\u5316\u3001\u5185\u5316\u56db\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0d\u65ad\u5faa\u73af\u8f6c\u6362\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u3001\u56e2\u961f\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7b49\u4e0d\u540c\u5c42\u9762\u87ba\u65cb\u5f0f\u4e0a\u5347\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u521b\u9020\u548c\u589e\u503c\u3002<\/em><em>(\u6ce8\uff1a\u6b64\u56fe\u4e3a\u5e7f\u4e49\u77e5\u8bc6\u6d41\u87ba\u65cb\u793a\u610f\uff0c\u4e0eSECI\u6a21\u578b\u7ed3\u6784\u7a0d\u6709\u5dee\u5f02\uff0c\u4f46\u4f53\u73b0\u4e86\u77e5\u8bc6\u52a8\u6001\u6f14\u8fdb\u548c\u8f6c\u5316\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u601d\u60f3\u3002SECI\u6a21\u578b\u66f4\u4fa7\u91cd\u9690\u6027\/\u663e\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5177\u4f53\u8f6c\u5316\u8def\u5f84\u3002)<\/em>\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u793e\u4f1a\u5316 (Socialization)<\/strong>\uff1a<strong>\u9690\u6027\u5230\u9690\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5171\u540c\u4f53\u9a8c\uff08\u5982\u5b66\u5f92\u5236\u3001\u56e2\u961f\u534f\u4f5c\uff09\u5b9e\u73b0\u9ed8\u4f1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5206\u4eab\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u5916\u5316 (Externalization)<\/strong>\uff1a<strong>\u9690\u6027\u5230\u663e\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u5c06\u96be\u4ee5\u8a00\u4f20\u7684\u9ed8\u4f1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u53ef\u8868\u8fbe\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\uff08\u5982\u64b0\u5199\u6587\u6863\u3001\u5efa\u7acb\u6a21\u578b\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u7ec4\u5408\u5316 (Combination)<\/strong>\uff1a<strong>\u663e\u6027\u5230\u663e\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u6574\u5408\u4e0d\u540c\u7684\u663e\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u663e\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\uff08\u5982\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u6574\u5408\u3001\u62a5\u544a\u6c47\u7f16\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u5185\u5316 (Internalization)<\/strong>\uff1a<strong>\u663e\u6027\u5230\u9690\u6027<\/strong>\u3002\u5c06\u663e\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\u878d\u5165\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u4f7f\u5176\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u9ed8\u4f1a\u77e5\u8bc6\uff08\u5982\u901a\u8fc7\u5b9e\u9645\u64cd\u4f5c\u638c\u63e1\u6280\u80fd\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3.\u00a0<strong>\u77e5\u8bc6\u87ba\u65cb<\/strong>\uff1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u5728\u4e0a\u8ff0\u56db\u79cd\u6a21\u5f0f\u7684\u5faa\u73af\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e0d\u65ad\u5728\u4e2a\u4f53\u3001\u56e2\u961f\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u5c42\u9762\u6269\u5c55\u548c\u6df1\u5316\uff0c\u5f62\u6210<strong>\u87ba\u65cb\u5f0f\u4e0a\u5347<\/strong>\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6301\u7eed\u521b\u9020\u548c\u589e\u503c\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e8c) SECI\u6a21\u578b\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u4e0e\u6279\u5224\u6027\u5206\u6790<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u5e94\u7528\u9886\u57df<\/strong>\uff1aSECI\u6a21\u578b\u88ab\u5e7f\u6cdb\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e<strong>\u7ec4\u7ec7\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406\u3001\u521b\u65b0\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\u4ee5\u53ca<strong>\u6559\u80b2<\/strong>\u9886\u57df\uff0c\u4e3a\u7406\u89e3\u548c\u4fc3\u8fdb\u77e5\u8bc6\u6d41\u52a8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\uff08Ref 2-search Nonaka\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u6279\u5224<\/strong>\uff1a\u5c3d\u7ba1\u5f71\u54cd\u6df1\u8fdc\uff0cSECI\u6a21\u578b\u4e5f\u53d7\u5230\u6279\u8bc4\uff0c\u5982<strong>\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8bc1\u636e\u4e0d\u8db3\u3001\u96be\u4ee5\u6d4b\u8bd5\uff08\u7279\u522b\u662f\u9690\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\uff09\u3001\u6587\u5316\u5c40\u9650\u6027\uff08\u6e90\u81ea\u65e5\u672c\u4f01\u4e1a\u7814\u7a76\uff09\u4ee5\u53ca\u8fc7\u7a0b\u754c\u5b9a\u6a21\u7cca<\/strong>\uff08Ref 1-search Nonaka\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3.\u00a0<strong>\u6539\u8fdb\u65b9\u5411<\/strong>\uff1a\u672a\u6765\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u9700\u8981\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u5b9e\u8bc1\u65b9\u6cd5<\/strong>\uff08\u5982KMSP-Q\u91cf\u8868\u7b49\u5de5\u5177\u7684\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff09\u548c<strong>\u8de8\u6587\u5316\u7814\u7a76<\/strong>\u6765\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u9a8c\u8bc1\u548c\u5b8c\u5584\u6a21\u578b\uff08Ref 1-search Nonaka\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e09) \u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u7279\u70b9<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8f6c\u5316\u4e0e\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u7684SECI\u6a21\u578b\u5b58\u5728\u5dee\u5f02\u3002\u5176\u6838\u5fc3\u5728\u4e8e\u5bf9\u6587\u672c\u7684<strong>\u9610\u91ca\u4e0e\u7406\u89e3<\/strong>\uff0c\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u8f6c\u5316\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u901a\u8fc7<strong>\u6587\u672c\u7814\u8bfb\u3001\u5bf9\u8bdd\u548c\u4e2a\u4f53\u5316\u7684\u610f\u4e49\u5efa\u6784<\/strong>\u6765\u5b9e\u73b0\uff0c\u5f3a\u8c03\u4e3b\u4f53\u6027\u4e0e\u4ef7\u503c\u4f20\u9012\uff0c\u8fd9\u4f7f\u5f97\u5176\u77e5\u8bc6\u8f6c\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u66f4\u96be\u4ee5\u6807\u51c6\u5316\u6a21\u5f0f\u6355\u6349\uff08Ref 1, 2-search \u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u77e5\u8bc6\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u56db) \u4f01\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9e\u8df5<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4f01\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406\uff08KM\uff09\u65e8\u5728\u7cfb\u7edf\u5730\u6536\u96c6\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u5206\u4eab\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ee5<strong>\u63d0\u5347\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7ee9\u6548\u3001\u534f\u4f5c\u6548\u7387\u548c\u521b\u65b0\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\uff08Ref 1-search \u4f01\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u76ee\u6807<\/strong>\uff1a\u901a\u8fc7\u6709\u6548\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406\u5b9e\u73b0\u7ade\u4e89\u4f18\u52bf\uff0c\u652f\u6301\u51b3\u7b56\u548c\u4e1a\u52a1\u53d1\u5c55\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u6311\u6218<\/strong>\uff1a\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u6fc0\u52b1<\/strong>\uff1a\u7f3a\u4e4f\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u4eab\u6587\u5316\u548c\u6709\u6548\u6fc0\u52b1\u673a\u5236\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4\u5458\u5de5\u53c2\u4e0e\u5ea6\u4f4e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u4fe1\u606f\u5b64\u5c9b<\/strong>\uff1a\u5927\u578b\u6216\u5206\u6563\u5f0f\u7ec4\u7ec7\u77e5\u8bc6\u5206\u6563\uff0c\u5f62\u6210\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u5b64\u5c9b\u201d\uff0c\u96be\u4ee5\u6574\u5408\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u9690\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\uff1a\u96be\u4ee5\u5c06\u6838\u5fc3\u5458\u5de5\u7684\u9690\u6027\u7ecf\u9a8c\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u53ef\u4f20\u64ad\u548c\u5b66\u4e60\u7684\u5f62\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>\u2022\u00a0<strong>\u77e5\u8bc6\u4ea7\u6743\u4e0e\u5b89\u5168\u6027<\/strong>\uff1a\u5e73\u8861\u77e5\u8bc6\u5f00\u653e\u4e0e\u5546\u4e1a\u79d8\u5bc6\u4fdd\u62a4\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u6301\u7eed\u6311\u6218\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3.\u00a0<strong>\u6848\u4f8b\u4e0e\u65b9\u6848<\/strong>\uff1a\u6210\u529f\u7684\u5b9e\u8df5\u5305\u62ec\u5efa\u7acb<strong>\u7edf\u4e00\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406\u5e73\u53f0<\/strong>\uff08\u5982ABC\u516c\u53f8\u7684\u6848\u4f8b\uff09\u3001\u5f15\u5165<strong>\u667a\u80fd\u68c0\u7d22\u3001\u77e5\u8bc6\u56fe\u8c31<\/strong>\u7b49\u6280\u672f\u3001\u91c7\u7528<strong>\u89c4\u8303\u5316\u6d41\u7a0b\u3001\u8bbf\u8c08<\/strong>\u7b49\u65b9\u6cd5\u4fc3\u8fdb\u9690\u6027\u77e5\u8bc6\u663e\u5316\u3001\u5b9e\u65bd<strong>\u5206\u7ea7\u6743\u9650\u7ba1\u7406<\/strong>\u4fdd\u969c\u5b89\u5168\uff08Ref 2, 3-search \u4f01\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406\uff09\u3002<strong>\u6fc0\u52b1\u63aa\u65bd<\/strong>\uff08\u5982\u8363\u8a89\u3001\u664b\u5347\uff09\u5bf9\u63d0\u5347\u77e5\u8bc6\u578b\u5458\u5de5\u6d3b\u8dc3\u5ea6\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\uff08Ref 2-search \u4f01\u4e1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ba1\u7406\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e94\u3001 \u4e2a\u4eba\u7b5b\u9009\u5668\uff1a\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u6d2a\u6d41\u4e2d\u6784\u5efa\u8ba4\u77e5<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u7206\u70b8\u7684\u65f6\u4ee3\uff0c\u9762\u5bf9\u6d77\u91cf\u4fe1\u606f\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u5982\u4f55\u8fa8\u522b\u3001\u7b5b\u9009\u5e76\u5c06\u5176\u8f6c\u5316\u4e3a\u81ea\u8eab\u77e5\u8bc6\uff0c<strong>\u4e2a\u4eba\u7b5b\u9009\u5668<\/strong>\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u5176\u7406\u8bba\u57fa\u7840\u690d\u6839\u4e8e\u8ba4\u77e5\u5fc3\u7406\u5b66\u548c\u6559\u80b2\u5b66\u7684\u591a\u4e2a\u9886\u57df\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e00) \u5efa\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49\uff1a\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u4e2a\u4f53\u6784\u5efa<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5efa\u6784\u4e3b\u4e49 (Constructivism)<\/strong>&nbsp;\u8ba4\u4e3a\u5b66\u4e60\u662f<strong>\u4ece\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e2d\u521b\u9020\u610f\u4e49\u7684\u4e3b\u52a8\u8fc7\u7a0b<\/strong>\u3002\u77e5\u8bc6\u5e76\u975e\u72ec\u7acb\u4e8e\u5b66\u4e60\u8005\u5ba2\u89c2\u5b58\u5728\uff0c\u800c\u662f<strong>\u4e2a\u4f53\u57fa\u4e8e\u5176\u73b0\u6709\u8ba4\u77e5\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u7ecf\u9a8c\uff0c\u5bf9\u5916\u90e8\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u8fc7\u6ee4\u3001\u89e3\u91ca\u548c\u91cd\u65b0\u7ec4\u7ec7\u7684\u4ea7\u54c1<\/strong>\uff08Ref 1, 2-search constructivism\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u610f\u5473\u7740\u6bcf\u4e2a\u4e2a\u4f53\u90fd\u4f1a\u4e3b\u52a8\u53c2\u4e0e\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u6784\u5efa\uff0c\u5e76\u5728\u6b64\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u5bf9\u63a5\u6536\u5230\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u8fdb\u884c\u7b5b\u9009\u548c\u53d6\u820d\uff08Ref 2-search \u4eba\u6587\u5b66\u79d1\u77e5\u8bc6\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e8c) \u8ba4\u77e5\u4e3b\u4e49\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\uff1a\u5185\u90e8\u7b5b\u9009\u673a\u5236<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e3b\u4e49 (Cognitivism)<\/strong>&nbsp;\u548c<strong>\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u7406\u8bba (Information Processing Theory)<\/strong>&nbsp;\u5f3a\u8c03<strong>\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u83b7\u53d6\u548c\u5185\u90e8\u5fc3\u7406\u7ed3\u6784\u7684\u5efa\u7acb<\/strong>\u3002\u4fe1\u606f\u4ece\u5916\u90e8\u8fdb\u5165\uff0c\u7ecf\u8fc7\u6ce8\u610f\u3001\u7f16\u7801\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u3001\u5b58\u50a8\u548c\u68c0\u7d22\u7b49\u4e00\u7cfb\u5217\u5185\u90e8\u5904\u7406\u73af\u8282\uff08Ref 1, 3-search constructivism\uff09\u3002\u5728\u8fd9\u4e9b\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684\u601d\u60f3\u3001\u4fe1\u5ff5\u3001\u6001\u5ea6\u3001\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u4ee5\u53ca\u65e2\u6709\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ed3\u6784\u90fd\u4f1a\u5f71\u54cd\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u7684\u6548\u7387\u548c\u65b9\u5411\uff08Ref 1-search constructivism\uff09\u3002\u8fd9\u5f62\u6210\u4e86\u4fe1\u606f\u88ab\u8fdb\u4e00\u6b65\u5904\u7406\u548c\u5b58\u50a8\u524d\u7684<strong>\u5185\u90e8\u7b5b\u9009\u673a\u5236<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e09) \u5143\u8ba4\u77e5\uff08Metacognition\uff09\uff1a\u7b5b\u9009\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u4e0e\u8c03\u63a7<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u5143\u8ba4\u77e5 (Metacognition)<\/strong>&nbsp;\u662f\u6307\u4e2a\u4f53\u5bf9<strong>\u81ea\u8eab\u8ba4\u77e5\u8fc7\u7a0b\u7684\u8ba4\u77e5\u548c\u63a7\u5236<\/strong>\uff08Ref 3, 4-search constructivism\uff09\u3002\u5b83\u5305\u62ec\u5bf9\u81ea\u5df1\u5982\u4f55\u5b66\u4e60\u3001\u5982\u4f55\u601d\u8003\u7684\u8ba4\u8bc6\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u5bf9\u5b66\u4e60\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u5904\u7406\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u76d1\u63a7\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u5143\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b\u4f7f\u4e2a\u4f53\u80fd\u591f<strong>\u53cd\u601d\u3001\u8bc4\u4f30\u548c\u8c03\u63a7<\/strong>\u5176\u4fe1\u606f\u83b7\u53d6\u4e0e\u5904\u7406\u884c\u4e3a\uff08\u5982\u5224\u65ad\u4fe1\u606f\u6765\u6e90\u7684\u53ef\u9760\u6027\u3001\u9009\u62e9\u6027\u6ce8\u610f\u3001\u8c03\u6574\u9605\u8bfb\u7b56\u7565\u7b49\uff09\uff0c\u662f<strong>\u4e2a\u4eba\u7b5b\u9009\u5668\u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u63a7\u5236\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u56db) \u4e2a\u4eba\u7b5b\u9009\u5668\u7684\u6784\u6210\u8981\u7d20<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u4e2a\u4eba\u7b5b\u9009\u5668\u7684\u6709\u6548\u6027\u53d6\u51b3\u4e8e\u591a\u4e2a\u5185\u90e8\u548c\u5916\u90e8\u56e0\u7d20\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ed3\u6784<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e2a\u4f53\u73b0\u6709\u7684<strong>\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb<\/strong>\u51b3\u5b9a\u4e86\u5bf9\u65b0\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u7406\u89e3\u3001\u5438\u6536\u548c\u6574\u5408\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7f3a\u4e4f\u4f53\u7cfb\u5316\u8bad\u7ec3\uff08\u5982\u624e\u5b9e\u7684\u5b66\u79d1\u57fa\u7840\uff09\u5c06\u96be\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u7b5b\u9009\u548c\u63a5\u53d7\u9ad8\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3001\u9ad8\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff08\u5982\u8bba\u6587\u3001\u671f\u520a\u5185\u5bb9\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0e\u5fc3\u7406\u72b6\u6001<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684<strong>\u8ba4\u77e5\u6c34\u5e73\u3001\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u80fd\u529b\u3001\u5fc3\u7406\u5f39\u6027<\/strong>\u7b49\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u5224\u65ad\u4fe1\u606f\u771f\u4f2a\u3001\u8bc6\u522b\u504f\u89c1\u548c\u62b5\u5236\u8bef\u5bfc\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>3.\u00a0<strong>\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u6587\u5316\u4e0e\u793e\u7fa4<\/strong>\uff1a\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684<strong>\u4fe1\u4ef0\u3001\u6240\u5904\u6587\u5316\u73af\u5883\u4ee5\u53ca\u6240\u5c5e\u793e\u7fa4<\/strong>\u53ef\u80fd\u5f62\u6210\u7279\u5b9a\u7684\u4ef7\u503c\u89c2\u548c\u4fe1\u606f\u504f\u597d\uff0c\u5f71\u54cd\u5176\u5bf9\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u9009\u62e9\u548c\u89e3\u91ca\u3002\u8fd9\u4e9b\u56e0\u7d20\u4e0e\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ed3\u6784\u76f8\u4e92\u5173\u8054\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e94) \u6559\u80b2\u5728\u4e2a\u4eba\u7b5b\u9009\u4e2d\u7684\u4f5c\u7528<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u6559\u80b2\u4f53\u7cfb\uff0c\u7279\u522b\u662f\u5927\u5b66\u548c\u7814\u7a76\u751f\u9636\u6bb5\u7684\u6559\u80b2\uff0c\u5e94\u65e8\u5728<strong>\u8bad\u7ec3\u5b66\u751f\u63d0\u53d6\u3001\u8f6c\u5316\u3001\u7ec4\u7ec7\u548c\u7ed3\u6784\u5316\u77e5\u8bc6\u7684\u5e95\u5c42\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\uff0c\u5373\u63d0\u5347\u5176\u5efa\u7acb\u6709\u6548\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ed3\u6784\u548c\u8fd0\u7528\u5143\u8ba4\u77e5\u7b56\u7565\u7684\u80fd\u529b\u3002\u7136\u800c\uff0c\u6587\u7ae0\u6307\u51fa\u5f53\u524d\u6559\u80b2\u53ef\u80fd\u5b58\u5728\u7f3a\u9677\uff0c\u672a\u80fd\u666e\u904d\u6709\u6548\u5730\u57f9\u517b\u5b66\u751f\u7684\u8fd9\u4e9b\u5173\u952e\u80fd\u529b\uff0c\u5bfc\u81f4\u4e00\u4e9b\u6bd5\u4e1a\u751f\u5373\u4fbf\u62e5\u6709\u5b66\u5386\uff0c\u4e5f\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u4e2a\u4eba\u4fe1\u606f\u7b5b\u9009\u80fd\u529b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u516d\u3001 \u65b0\u5a92\u4f53\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f20\u64ad\u4e0e\u7b5b\u9009\u6311\u6218<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e00) \u65b0\u5a92\u4f53\u4f5c\u4e3a\u77e5\u8bc6\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u65b0\u6e20\u9053<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u65b0\u5a92\u4f53\u65f6\u4ee3\u7684\u6280\u672f\u53d1\u5c55\u6781\u5927\u5730\u62d3\u5c55\u4e86\u77e5\u8bc6\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u4f20\u64ad\u6e20\u9053\u548c\u5f62\u5f0f\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u591a\u6837\u5f62\u6001<\/strong>\uff1a\u9664\u4e86\u4f20\u7edf\u4e66\u7c4d\u548c\u4e13\u4e1a\u51fa\u7248\u7269\uff0c<strong>\u516c\u4f17\u53f7\u3001\u64ad\u5ba2\u3001\u77ed\u89c6\u9891\u3001\u89c6\u9891\u8bfe\u7a0b<\/strong>\u7b49\u6210\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u9012\u65b9\u5f0f\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u6280\u672f\u8d4b\u80fd<\/strong>\uff1a<strong>AI\u6570\u5b57\u4eba\u3001VR\/AR\u3001H5\u4e92\u52a8<\/strong>\u7b49\u591a\u79cd\u6280\u672f\u88ab\u5e94\u7528\u4e8e\u5185\u5bb9\u5448\u73b0\uff0c\u4f7f\u5f97\u4fe1\u606f\u4f20\u64ad\u66f4\u751f\u52a8\u3001\u4e92\u52a8\u6027\u66f4\u5f3a\uff0c\u63d0\u5347\u4e86\u4f20\u64ad\u7684\u5438\u5f15\u529b\uff08Ref 1-search 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class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u4f4e\u95e8\u69db\u4e0e\u53bb\u4e2d\u5fc3\u5316<\/strong>\uff1a\u4efb\u4f55\u4eba\u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u8f7b\u677e\u6210\u4e3a\u5185\u5bb9\u53d1\u5e03\u8005\uff0c\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5b66\u672f\u671f\u520a\u90a3\u6837\u7684<strong>\u4e25\u683c\u540c\u884c\u8bc4\u5ba1<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u5185\u5bb9\u826f\u83a0\u4e0d\u9f50<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u4f4e\u95e8\u69db\u5bfc\u81f4\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41<strong>\u6ce5\u6c99\u4ff1\u4e0b<\/strong>\uff0c\u5145\u65a5\u7740\u5927\u91cf\u4f4e\u5bc6\u5ea6\u3001\u4f4e\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u751a\u81f3\u865a\u5047\u3001\u5e26\u6709\u6076\u610f\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u3002\u7f3a\u4e4f\u516c\u5171\u7b5b\u9009\u4f7f\u5f97\u8fa8\u522b\u4fe1\u606f\u8d28\u91cf\u53d8\u5f97\u56f0\u96be\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e09) 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class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u91cd\u8981\u6027\u51f8\u663e<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u7f3a\u4e4f\u5f3a\u516c\u5171\u7b5b\u9009\u7684\u73af\u5883\u4e0b\uff0c\u4e2a\u4f53\u7684<strong>\u77e5\u8bc6\u7ed3\u6784\u3001\u6279\u5224\u6027\u601d\u7ef4\u548c\u5143\u8ba4\u77e5\u80fd\u529b<\/strong>\u6210\u4e3a\u533a\u5206\u4fe1\u606f\u8d28\u91cf\u3001\u907f\u514d\u8bef\u5bfc\u3001\u62b5\u5236\u6d17\u8111\u548c\u6b3a\u9a97\u7684<strong>\u5173\u952e\u9632\u7ebf<\/strong>\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u98ce\u9669<\/strong>\uff1a\u5982\u679c\u4e2a\u4eba\u7b5b\u9009\u80fd\u529b\u4e0d\u8db3\uff0c\u5c24\u5176\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7f3a\u4e4f\u516c\u5171\u7b5b\u9009\u4e14\u77e5\u8bc6\u5bc6\u5ea6\u4f4e\u3001\u6743\u5a01\u6027\u5dee\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\uff08\u5982\u4ec5\u4f9d\u8d56\u77ed\u89c6\u9891\uff09\uff0c\u5219\u6781\u6613\u88ab\u8bef\u5bfc\uff0c\u53d8\u5f97\u504f\u6267\u3001\u8ff7\u4fe1\u3001\u65e0\u77e5\u800c\u4e0d\u81ea\u77e5\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u56db) 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class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u7528\u6237\u4e92\u52a8\u4e0e\u793e\u7fa4\u5171\u8bc6<\/strong>\uff1a\u8bc4\u8bba\u3001\u5206\u4eab\u3001\u70b9\u8d5e\u3001\u5173\u6ce8\u3001\u63a8\u8350\u7b49\u673a\u5236\u53ef\u80fd\u5728\u4e00\u5b9a\u7a0b\u5ea6\u4e0a\u6807\u793a\u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u53d7\u6b22\u8fce\u7a0b\u5ea6\u6216\u5f62\u6210\u793e\u7fa4\u5185\u7684\u5171\u8bc6\uff0c\u8d77\u5230\u975e\u6b63\u5f0f\u7684\u7b5b\u9009\u548c\u4f20\u64ad\u52a0\u901f\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u6311\u6218<\/strong>\uff1a\u8fd9\u79cd\u793e\u533a\u7b5b\u9009\u6a21\u5f0f\u53ef\u80fd\u52a0\u5267**\u201c\u4fe1\u606f\u8327\u623f\u201d<strong>\u6548\u5e94\uff0c\u4f7f\u4e2a\u4f53\u53ea\u63a5\u89e6\u7b26\u5408\u5176\u5df2\u6709\u89c2\u70b9\u7684\u4fe1\u606f\uff1b\u540c\u65f6\uff0c\u5176\u4e5f\u5bb9\u6613\u53d7\u5230<\/strong>\u7b97\u6cd5\u5e72\u9884<strong>\u6216<\/strong>\u6076\u610f\u64cd\u7eb5**\u7684\u5f71\u54cd\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u4e03\u3001 \u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u87ba\u65cb\u4e0a\u5347\u5faa\u73af\uff1a\u6574\u5408\u89c6\u89d2<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>(\u4e00) \u91cd\u65b0\u5ba1\u89c6\u87ba\u65cb\u4e0a\u5347\u6a21\u578b<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u77e5\u8bc6\u4e0e\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u300c\u87ba\u65cb\u4e0a\u5347\u5faa\u73af\u300d\u662f\u7406\u89e3\u4eba\u7c7b\u77e5\u8bc6\u4f53\u7cfb\u548c\u4e2a\u4f53\u8ba4\u77e5\u4e0d\u65ad\u6f14\u8fdb\u7684\u52a8\u6001\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>1.\u00a0<strong>\u4f20\u7edf\u87ba\u65cb<\/strong>\uff1a\u4ee5\u5927\u5b66-\u8bba\u6587-\u671f\u520a\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e3a\u6838\u5fc3\uff0c\u5176\u87ba\u65cb\u4e0a\u5347\u66f4\u591a\u5730\u4f9d\u8d56<strong>\u4e25\u8c28\u7684\u516c\u5171\u7b5b\u9009<\/strong>\uff0c\u786e\u4fdd\u7eb3\u5165\u4f53\u7cfb\u7684\u77e5\u8bc6\u8d28\u91cf\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>2.\u00a0<strong>\u73b0\u4ee3\u87ba\u65cb<\/strong>\uff1a\u5728\u4fe1\u606f\u6e20\u9053\u591a\u5143\u5316\u3001\u65b0\u5a92\u4f53\u5174\u8d77\u7684\u80cc\u666f\u4e0b\uff0c\u73b0\u4ee3\u77e5\u8bc6\u4fe1\u606f\u6d41\u7684\u87ba\u65cb\u4e0a\u5347\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u8fc7\u7a0b\u3002\u5b83\u4e0d\u4ec5\u5305\u542b\u4f20\u7edf\u7684\u516c\u5171\u7b5b\u9009\u8def\u5f84\uff0c\u4e5f\u6d89\u53ca\u65b0\u5a92\u4f53\u7b49<strong>\u591a\u6837\u4fe1\u606f\u6e20\u9053<\/strong>\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u66f4\u4e3a\u91cd\u8981\u7684<strong>\u4e2a\u4eba\u7b5b\u9009\u5668<\/strong>\u7684\u4f5c\u7528\u3002<img 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